Modern kernels have the ability to schedule groups of processes instead of just individual ones, meaning that you can get a more fair distribution between e.g. users. It needs help creating these groups though so we should consider creating a new one for each session we start.
Some interesting info: http://www.webupd8.org/2010/11/alternative-to-200-lines-kernel-patch.html http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/ControlGroups
Might not be needed anymore. systemd automatically does this via pam_systemd.
Here is an example of when pam_systemd isn't working well enough with ThinLinc. https://github.com/bjorn-fischer/fss-tools
See bug 44 and bug 7304 which has variations on this theme.
A lot has changed since this bug was created. Firstly, systemd is now standard on most systems, and it heavily groups things in cgroups. It doesn't set up any rules by default, but that should be possible to configure by the sysadmin. Secondly, we've introduced some changes to the load balancing in ThinLinc. We've added the ability to restrict the number of users per agent (bug 284), and we're now treating all users as equal no matter the load they generate (bug 4429).